The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 years.